Who, Whom, and That
I received feedback from the Fresno SciFi & Fantasy Writers on the beginning of Chimree Republic: The Cleansing. Overall it was very positive and a huge relief. There were ten readers with ten different viewpoints and ten ways of envisioning what I need to do. Everyone writes and thinks differently so that is to be expected. There were some patterns and I will address those issues and I know my story will be better for it. Thank you FSFW readers!
One of the more minor issues (minor meaning easy to correct, not meaning forgivable) was my use of the word, ‘That.’ “He was the one that…” I am often lazy in speech and it has now found its way into my writing. In the past, I sometimes found myself tongue-tied and using ‘who’ when it should be ‘whom’ or vice versa. To solve this, I started using ‘that’ in more places than appropriate. No one ever correct ‘that’ like they would with the misuse of ‘who’ or ‘whom.’
I have now decided to clean up my speech in an attempt to clean up my writing. I needed a little refresher on how to address groups of people but, beyond that, the rules are fairly easy.
If you are addressing a:
- person, use ‘who’ or ‘whom’
- thing, use ‘that’
- group associated with a logo (like a team or club), use ‘that’
- group associated with faces (like your friends or a mob), use ‘who’ or ‘whom’
In ‘who’ versus ‘whom,’ use:
- ‘who’ for the subject
- ‘whom’ for the object
- ‘who’ when you would use I, he, she, etc
- ‘whom’ when you would use me, him, her, etc
From what I have seen on other pages, some of the rules flex a little and some of it depends on how you were taught. Follow the following references for more information, on Who, Whom, and That:
- Grammar Girl “Who versus That”
- Grammar Book “Who versus Which versus That”
- Grammar Book “Who versus Whom”
- Grammar Girl “Who versus Whom”
- e Learn English Language “Who versus Whom”
If you have any corrections or additions, I would love to hear them. I always welcome advice that can make my writing better.